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Spanish verbs, conjugated and explained.
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hablar
Presente de indicativo
YOhablo
TÚhablas
ÉL/ELLAhabla
NOS.hablamos
VOS.habláis
ELLOShablan
Reference coverage
Verbs covered
2,500
by frequency
Tenses indexed
17
conjugable, plus 3 non-finite forms
Total conjugations
257,120
incl. 3 non-finite forms per verb
Forms per verb
103
average, every mood
Browse the reference
Browse frequent verbs
All verbs →See regular tenses
All 17 →Learn irregular verb patterns
ALL 7 →- 0132 verbse → iseguir → sigo
- 02100 verbse → iepensar → pienso
- 0316 verbsFully irregularser → soy
- 0452 verbsg-stem (yo)tener → tengo
- 0574 verbso → uepoder → puedo
- 0629 verbsy-insertionconstruir → construyo
- 0772 verbszc-stem (-cer/-cir)parecer → parezco
Purple dots mark irregular verbs.
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Conjugation Chart holds 2,500 Spanish verbs conjugated across 17 tenses in every mood: 257,120 forms in total.
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How does Spanish conjugation work?
Every Spanish verb starts in its infinitive form, which ends in -ar, -er, or -ir: hablar (to speak), comer (to eat), vivir (to live).
To use the verb in a sentence, you usually chop off the ending and add a new one. The new ending tells you who is doing the action (the person) and when they're doing it (the tense).
hablar → hablo ("I speak", present, 1st person singular)
The six grammatical persons
- 1syo
- 2stú
- 3sél / ella / ud.
- 1pnosotros
- 2pvosotros
- 3pellos / uds.
Spanish drops the pronoun most of the time: “tengo” on its own means "I have"; no need to add yo.
The three regular tense patterns
Present: regular endings
"I speak / I am speaking": for actions happening now or generally true.
| Person | -ar | -er | -ir |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | -o | -o | -o |
| tú | -as | -es | -es |
| él / ella / ud. | -a | -e | -e |
| nosotros | -amos | -emos | -imos |
| vosotros | -áis | -éis | -ís |
| ellos / uds. | -an | -en | -en |
Full forms
hablar
1shablo
2shablas
3shabla
1phablamos
2phabláis
3phablan
comer
1scomo
2scomes
3scome
1pcomemos
2pcoméis
3pcomen
vivir
1svivo
2svives
3svive
1pvivimos
2pvivís
3pviven
Preterite: regular endings
"I spoke": for completed actions with a clear endpoint in the past.
| Person | -ar | -er | -ir |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | -é | -í | -í |
| tú | -aste | -iste | -iste |
| él / ella / ud. | -ó | -ió | -ió |
| nosotros | -amos | -imos | -imos |
| vosotros | -asteis | -isteis | -isteis |
| ellos / uds. | -aron | -ieron | -ieron |
Full forms
hablar
1shablé
2shablaste
3shabló
1phablamos
2phablasteis
3phablaron
comer
1scomí
2scomiste
3scomió
1pcomimos
2pcomisteis
3pcomieron
vivir
1sviví
2sviviste
3svivió
1pvivimos
2pvivisteis
3pvivieron
Imperfect: regular endings
"I was speaking / I used to speak": for habitual or background past actions.
| Person | -ar | -er | -ir |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | -aba | -ía | -ía |
| tú | -abas | -ías | -ías |
| él / ella / ud. | -aba | -ía | -ía |
| nosotros | -ábamos | -íamos | -íamos |
| vosotros | -abais | -íais | -íais |
| ellos / uds. | -aban | -ían | -ían |
Full forms
hablar
1shablaba
2shablabas
3shablaba
1phablábamos
2phablabais
3phablaban
comer
1scomía
2scomías
3scomía
1pcomíamos
2pcomíais
3pcomían
vivir
1svivía
2svivías
3svivía
1pvivíamos
2pvivíais
3pvivían
17 conjugable tenses, plus 3 non-finite forms
Spanish organizes its tenses into three moods: indicative, subjunctive and imperative. Each verb also has three non-finite forms (infinitive, gerund, and participle) that don’t take a subject. See the tense index for every mood and form.